Exercise Heart Rate – Andrea Arthur Owan

How to Determine Your Target Heart Rate Goal

So now you’ve measured and know your resting heart rate and have an idea on how to determine what your target heart rate should be during exercise. (See my post last week http://andreaarthurowan.com/2018/04/25/the-best-way-to-calculate-your-exercise-training-heart-rate/admin/).

Now what?

Setting some goals—

This is the exciting part. Where you decide what your exercise goals are. Spend some time thinking about this one. And consider your age, current physical condition, and what type of exercising you would like to do, and will stick with. Do you want to:

Lose weight?
Put on some muscle and have nicely contoured arms and legs?
Tone up what you’ve got?
Increase your lung capacity and improve your heart function?
Maintain your current level of conditioning?
Run a 5K, or triathlon?
Increase your reaction time and power or speed?
Just get stronger?

What fitness goal you choose will determine how you exercise, where you exercise, what you do for exercise, and what exercise heart rate you’ll aim for.

Conditioning, toning, power, or aerobic capacity—

As a general rule, for general conditioning goals, you will want to exercise at a heart rate level of 50 to 70%.

As we saw last week, for someone my age (60) and resting heart rate of 58, (don’t forget to use that as your base for proper calculations), I would want to exercise at a level that keeps my heart rate between 109 bpm and 129 bpm.

At the lower rate of 109 or even up to 120, I could maintain a reasonable exercise rate—like walking at a 3.0 mph walking rate—for two to three hours, or longer. As long my knees and feet hold out for me.

If, however, I want to work on power and strength, which I sometimes do, (for toning, muscle definition, and muscle power), I’d want to push my heart rate up to a higher level, say 80 to 90% of my heart rate maximum, again with my resting heart rate as a critical factor in the formula.

When I use the 80 to 90% range, and plug those numbers into the formula we covered last week, we arrive at a target heart rate range of 140 to 150. That’s a rate I wouldn’t be able to sustain for an indefinite period of time, though. In fact, I probably wouldn’t try to sustain it more than 20 minutes, if I were hitting a 140 – 150 bpm rate throughout the entire 20 minutes.

I could, however, go longer, if I were ramping my heart rate up and down as I exercised, as sometimes happens when I’m walking on the treadmill and increasing the ramp angle considerably to mimic hiking uphill and then lowering the ramp angle to a slight or flat grade.

Working up to your target level—

But even if you know what your target level should be, you may need to take it slowly and work up to your desired level. If you haven’t exercised for a while, are recovering from an illness, or you’re changing up your exercise program for some reason—because your goals have changed—you’ll want to work up to a level where your heart rate is being stressed a little but not so much that you have a difficult time breathing, feel weak, or can’t maintain that level of exercise for five to ten minutes. Or, after exercising, your heart rate takes longer than it should to come back to normal.

Again, if you’re just starting an exercise program, make sure your doctor is in agreement with what you want to accomplish and gives you the thumbs up on the program you’ve designed. She can also help you design one!

Where do you go from here?

I know all of this probably sounds a little—or a lot—vague, but as we progress, we’ll look at more specific exercise goals and see what a training program might look like for you. If you’re already on an exercise program, you might see some ideas here that will help you improve or stress yourself a bit more.

I forgot to provide an answer!

A couple of weeks ago, I asked if you knew which athletes typically have the highest VO2 maximums. I promised to give you the answer the following week—and then forgot! Many apologies for my forgetfulness!

The answer is: Cross-country skiers. They have HUGE lung capacities. One reason is the long distances they ski, but it’s also because they’re using nearly all of their bodies when they’re exercising at those long distances. It’s a grueling sport.

What’s coming up?

NEXT WEEK, “Workout Wednesdays” will be on hiatus. I’m heading to Philadelphia this weekend for an intensive writing/editing workshop with the Guideposts editors and eleven other writers; and my younger son graduates from college the following weekend.

I’m trying to take my own advice and live a balanced life!

So I’ll see you back here May 16!

Until next time, keep working on setting your goals!

Blessings,

Andrea

May you prosper in all things and be in health, just as your soul prospers (3 John 2).

Photos courtesy of Google Images

The Best Way to Calculate Your Exercise (Training) Heart Rate

Have you ever spent weeks or months exercising following all of the rules of exercise engagement and not made any progress in your training? There may be a reason for that, and it may have to do with how you’re monitoring and setting your exercise heart rate.

Last week we looked at the importance of knowing what your resting heart rate is and how it can be an indicator of your heart health. We also discussed what the standard maximum heart rate and exercise heart rate ranges are, the ones you find most often printed on the treadmill or stationary bike at your gym.

Then I ended the post by saying that the most common formula is often not the most accurate or best way to determine your exercise heart rate. Today I’m going to tell you why and show you how to get the measurement you need.

Exercise heart rate review—

Let’s begin with a short review about what happens to your heart rate during exercise.

Your heart rate usually rises during intense workouts, prolonged long-distance (aerobic) exercise workouts. Your heart’s maximum heart rate is the rate at which your heart is working at its hardest to supply oxygen to your body. In exercise, this is the rate that can only be sustained for several minutes.

Your maximum heart rate is a function of aerobic capacity—the amount of oxygen your body is able to consume, or the heart’s ability to pump oxygenated blood to your muscles. When an exercise physiologist measures it, she’ll write in terms of VO₂ max and actually measure the volume of oxygen you move through your lungs during exercise. The more conditioned you are, the higher your VO₂ max usually is.

As you exercise and your fitness level improves, the body ramps up in efficiency, at metabolism and everything else it does. Your gastric motility improves—the speed and efficiency at which your body digests and moves food through the digestive tract. Your muscles get stronger and more efficient. Your body actually makes more capillaries in which to circulate oxygenated blood to those muscles, and your lungs become better at moving those oxygenated blood cells through the transport system. (Do any of you remember the People Mover ride at Disneyland? It’s like that. The blood cells line up to load the oxygen and then get whisked away to the distribution sites. The movers are filled to capacity, rather than moving out partially loaded.)

Knowing what your maximum heart rate level should be during exercise is fundamental to setting effective exercise parameters and goals.

If your fitness level is improving, and you really want to keep improving it, how do you calculate your maximum exercise heart rate?

Last week we looked at this scenario:

You go to the gym, hop on a treadmill or stationary bike and see the maximum heart rate formula and exercise intensity graph to indicate where you should be exercising for your age.

The basic formula is: 220 minus your age multiplied by 50 to 70%

So let’s punch in some numbers.

If you’re 40 years old, your max exercise heart rate will be 180 bpm. What does that tell you? It tells you that 180 bpm is the highest heart rate number you should obtain while exercising at your maximum level. But you’ve already seen that the maximum level can only be, and should only be, sustained for no more than several minutes.

So, unless you’re planning to exercise for just two to three minutes, how do you decide what heart rate you should be exercising at?

The percentage number you use really does depend upon what you’re trying to achieve. Do you want to work on your power, the speed you can move a barbell from your chest to an overhead position? Maybe explode from a crouched over position in a 100 meter sprint? Or do you want to get long, lean muscles?

What if you just want to work on your general fitness level, or burn off some of that pesky fat that accumulated when you weren’t looking?

I promise we’ll get into more specifics about what percentage is likely to be best for you, but today we’ll stick to discussions about averages. For most people, they want to aim for 50 to 70% of the maximum heart rate of 180. So the formula for would look like:

Max HR formula: 220 minus your age multiplied by .50, .60, or .70

So, with 220 minus 40 we arrive at our 180 and then multiply that by 50%. That number would be 90 bpm. As I noted last week, that number doesn’t sound very high. But it can be very effective for someone trying to maintain their fitness level, is a beginner, or is planning to walk the treadmill for an hour or more at a moderate pace.

This is the average. And as handy as averages can be sometimes, they often don’t tell the story you want told. So we want to get more specific. We want to ask a different question.

Using gold standard formula for setting your exercise heart rate—

If your fitness level and heart function are improving, and you really want to keep improving, how do you calculate your maximum exercise heart rate?

You want to use the Karvonen Heart Rate formula, the gold standard in exercise heart rate calculations.

Let’s go back to the max heart rate calculation formula. Only now, we’re going to tweak it for exercise and use that important information you gathered about heart rate a couple of weeks ago. I’ll use the 40-year old example again.

Ms. 40-year old Lulu Lemon jumps on the treadmill at the gym. She’s in better-than-average physical condition, because just that week she measured her resting heart at 65 bpm, not the average 80, which is what is used for the average formula posted on the treadmill she’s on. But she doesn’t want average. She wants personal!

So, she takes that 65 bpm number and plugs it into a more accurate formula to determine her maximum exercise heart rate—

Formula steps—

220 minus her age of 40 = 180
Now this is where the change starts. This calculation will tell her what her heart rate reserve or cushion is.

180 bpm minus her resting heart rate of 65.

180 – 65 (resting heart rate) = 115 (heart rate reserve)

Ms. Lemon wants to focus on a fat-burning workout for this session, so she plans to walk at 50 to 70% of her heart rate reserve. So she calculates the range this way:

115 (heart rate reserve) multiplied by 50% = 57.5

115 (heart rate reserve multiplied by 70% = 80.5

This gives her a nice percentage range to work within, but now she needs to know exactly what her exercise heart rate should be within those ranges. So she returns to her resting heart rate for the final calculation.

65 (resting heart rate) + 57.5 (50% of her reserve) = 122.5 bpm

65 (resting heart rate) + 80.5 (70% of her reserve) = 145.5 bpm

So Ms. Lemon knows that she can safely and effectively exercise in a heart rate range of 123 to 146 bpm.

Abbreviated, the formula looks like this:

220 – 40 = 180 (max heart rate)

180 – 65 (resting heart rate) = 115 (reserve heart rate)

115 x 50% = 57.5; and 115 x 70% = 80.5

65 + 57.5 = 123 exercise heart rate (rounded up); and 65 + 81 = 146

a 123 to 146 bpm target exercise heart rate range

What difference does it make?

Tons! A quick look at what Ms. Lemon’s target rate would be if her resting heart rate were 80 tells you that this target range would change from 123 to 146 bpm for the lower rate of 65, to the higher range of 130 to 155 for the higher rate of 80.

Do you see the difference? Ms. Lemon is in better condition, so she doesn’t have to maintain as high of a target heart rate range as her 80 bpm counterpart. In short, she doesn’t have to work as hard because her body is already more efficient! Cool, huh?

Let’s look at an older (just got my senior movie discount) lady like me—

I’m 60 (just), with a resting heart rate of 58. (An anesthesiologist once quipped he could make it lower during my surgery. Ha! Funny guy. No doubt he could take it to zero!)

Anyway, my calculations would look like this:

220 – 60 = 160 (Eek! I hate to look at that low number.)

160 – 58 (my resting heart rate) = 102 (reserve heart rate)

102 x .50 = 51; and 102 x .70 = 71.4

Add my resting HR of 58 to 51, and I get a minimum exercise heart rate of 109.

Add my resting HR of 58 to 71.4, and I get a maximum exercise heart rate of 129.

So, if I want to burn some fat, I should exercise within a heart rate range of 109 – 129 while I’m plugging away on the treadmill next to Ms. Lemon, who has to (and can) work harder than me.

Can you work in higher ranges? Sure. But as I’ve said before, it will all depend upon what your exercise goal is.

We’ll look at some of those goals and target differences next week!

Until next time,

Happy heart rate targeting!

(If you like this post and think it might be helpful to others, please pass it on. Or if you have a question, send me a comment in the comment box. I’d love to hear from you!)

Blessings,

Andrea

*You should always check with your doctor about what your target heart rate should be if you’re taking medication for a heart condition.

Photo courtesy of Google Images

Why Knowing Your Resting and Exercise Heart Rate is Critical to Good Health

What do you know about your resting and exercise heart rate? What should you know? Were you able to get an idea of what your normal resting heart rate is when you established some baselines for your vitals a couple of weeks ago? (See April 4^th’s post: Welcome to Workout Wednesdays! http://andreaarthurowan.com/2018/04/04/welcome-to-workout-wednesdays/admin/ )

Before we get too far down the road with a discussion about heart rate, let’s start with the basics, so we can continue laying those important health and fitness tip brick foundations!

Heart Rate basics—

While you probably know what your resting heart rate measures—how many times your heart beats in a minute—do you know what that number actually tells you about your heart and your health?

Simply put, resting heart rate tells you just how hard your heart is working while at rest to supply your body’s oxygen needs. Just how many times does it have to contract in a minute to squirt blood through the pipes to get your body oxygenated for plain old activities of daily living, or sleeping, or sitting in a chair watching television?

Two more things your resting heart rate can tell you—

Reveal your risk for heart attack, and
Reveal your aerobic capacity—the amount of oxygen your body is able to consume, or the heart’s ability to pump oxygenated blood to your muscles.

As your oxygen supply needs change throughout the day, your heart will speed up or slow down to accommodate those needs. Or at least it should. What is “normal” for you, though, will depend upon your age, gender, and fitness level.

According to a Harvard Women’s Health Watch on-line article titled “What Your Heart Rate is Telling You,” says a 2010 Women’s Health Initiative study report indicated that a lower heart rate in post-menopausal women might protect against heart attacks. Those having a resting heart rate of 76 beats per minute (bpm) or greater were 26% more likely to have a heart attack or die than those having a resting heart rate of 62 bpm or lower.

They recommended having a chat with your doctor if your resting heart rate hovers consistently above 80 bpm. (For further reading, see the link at the bottom of this post.)

It’s also a good idea to take your resting heart occasionally (don’t just rely on a one-time measurement) so you can determine how, and if it’s changing. If you see a sudden change from what’s “normal” for you, it’s a good idea to discuss this with your physician. It may be a symptom or indicator of something going on with your heart or vascular health.

What you need to know about maximum heart rate in exercise—

Your heart rate usually rises during intense workouts, prolonged long-distance (aerobic) exercise workouts, stress and illness. Your heart’s maximum heart rate is the rate at which your heart is working at its hardest to supply oxygen to your body. In exercise, this is the rate that can only be sustained for several minutes.

Your maximum heart rate is a function of that aerobic capacity we already mentioned. When an exercise physiologist measures it, she’ll write in terms of VO₂ max and actually measure the volume of oxygen you move through your lungs during exercise. To get an exact measurement, it’s a complicated, messy process of actually breathing into a tube during exercise, collecting your breath in a bag and then analyzing that volume through a special machine. The more conditioned you are, the higher your VO₂ max usually is.

How do you calculate your maximum exercise heart rate?

Ever go to the gym, hop on a treadmill or stationary bike and see the maximum heart rate formula and exercise intensity graph to indicate where you should be exercising for your age?

The basic formula is: 220 – your age x 50 – 70%

Start with the number 220 and then subtract your age from that. If you’re 40 years old, it will be 180 bpm. So what does that tell you? It tells you that 180 bpm is the highest heart rate number you should obtain while exercising at your maximum level. But you’ve already seen that the maximum level can only be, and should only be, sustained for no more than several minutes.

So, unless you’re planning to exercise for just two to three minutes, how do you decide what heart rate you should be exercising at?

Well, it really depends upon what you’re trying to achieve. We’ll delve into those specifics in a future post, but, in general, you could aim for 50- 70 or 80% of 180. So the formula would look like:

Max HR formula: 220 minus your age multiplied by .50, .60, .70, or .80

If you’re aiming for middle-of-the-road, new exerciser level, that number would come in around 90 bpm. Doesn’t sound very high, does it? But it can be a sound level to aim for if you’re an exercise newbie, or just getting back into the swing of things following an illness.

HOWEVER, that formula is NOT the most accurate or desirable formula if:

—You are in good physical condition.

—You have a low resting heart rate.

So what is the most desirable formula? We’ll explore that in next week’s post, when I’ll give you that critical formula to help you better judge and develop your personal exercise intensity. *

One more (GREAT) reason to strive for a lower heart rate—

If lowering your risk of having or dying of a heart attack isn’t enough, maybe this other finding noted in Harvard’s article might give you a nudge to lower your heart rate.

“… a small controlled trial demonstrated that men and women with mild cognitive impairment who raised their aerobic capacity also improved their performance on tests of memory and reasoning.”

In later posts, you’ll learn more about how physical exercise doesn’t just help the body but improves brain function! And who doesn’t want to have a better, sharper brain?

Trivia Question?

Which athletes are notorious for boasting the highest VO₂ maximum measurements? (You’ll learn the answer next Wednesday!)

Until next time,

Blessings for prosperity in all things—emotional, physical and spiritual!

Andrea

*You should always check with your doctor about what your target heart rate should be if you’re taking medication for a heart condition.

Link: Harvard Health article “What Your Heart Rate is Telling You https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/what-your-heart-rate-is-telling-you

Photos courtesy of Google Images